There are three main types of waste incineration technology at home and abroad: stratified combustion technology, fluidized bed combustion technology and rotary combustion technology (also known as rotary kiln).

(1) Layered combustion technology Layered combustion technology is relatively mature, and some countries have adopted this combustion technology. In order to stabilize the garbage combustion process, the key to layered combustion is the grate. The waste passes through three zones on the grate: the preheated dry zone, the main combustion zone and the burnout zone. The garbage catches fire on the grate, and the heat comes not only from the radiation above and the convection of smoke, but also from inside the garbage layer. In the grate has been on fire garbage in the special role of the grate, so that the garbage layer strongly turn and stir, constantly promote the fall, cause the bottom of the garbage also began to fire, continuous turn and stir, so that the garbage layer loose, enhanced permeability, contribute to the fire and combustion of garbage. The furnace arch design should consider that the flue gas field is beneficial to the heat radiation of the hot flue gas to the incoming garbage. The design of air distribution should ensure the best distribution of air in the garbage layer on the grate, and use the first and second air reasonably.

(2) Fluidized bed combustion technology The fluidized bed combustion technology has been developed and matured. Because of its high thermal intensity, it is more suitable for burning fuels with low heating value and high moisture content. At the same time, because of the large amount of heat stored in the furnace, the combustion of garbage can be basically without combustion-supporting. In order to ensure the full fluidization of garbage into the furnace, the size requirements of garbage into the furnace are relatively strict, requiring garbage to undergo a series of screening and grinding treatment, so as to make its size and condition uniform. Broken to the 15 cm, and then into the combustion in fluidized bed, bed material is quartz sand, cloth plate is usually designed to pyramidal structure, wind hood for L. Bed combustion temperature control in 800-900 ℃, the cold air flow velocity of 2 m/s, hot for 3 ~ 4 m/s. Once the wind through the cap by ventilation board into fluidization layer, secondary air flow by the upper layer into. The fuel preheating material layer, when the bed temperature of 600 ℃ or so into the garbage incineration. Start this furnace, combustion characteristics similar to ordinary fluidized bed boiler.

(3) Rotary combustion technology Rotary incinerator combustion equipment is mainly a slowly rotating rotary kiln, its inner wall can be used firebrick masonry, also can use tubular water-cooled wall, to protect the drum, rotary kiln diameter of 4-6m, length of 10-20m, according to the amount of incineration of waste determined, tilt placed. Each unit can handle 300t/d (4m in diameter and 14m in length). Rotary kilns used to deal with toxic and harmful hospital waste and chemical waste. It is through the furnace drum slowly rotating, using the inner wall high temperature resistant copy plate will be from the lower part of the barrel in the barrel rolling to the upper part of the barrel, and then rely on the garbage self-weight fall. As the rubbish is rolling in the cylinder, it can be in full contact with the air for a more complete combustion. The garbage is sent by one end of the cylinder and dried by hot flue gas. After reaching the ignition temperature, the garbage is burned. As the cylinder rolls, the garbage is rolled and slid down until the outlet of the cylinder discharges ash. When the water content of garbage is too large, a first level grate can be added at the end of the cylinder to meet the requirements of burnout. The flue gas discharged from the cylinder passes through a vertical burnout chamber (secondary combustion chamber). The combustion chamber is fed with secondary air and the combustible components in the flue gas are fully burned here. The secondary combustion chamber temperature is generally 1000-1200℃. The cost of rotary kiln type garbage combustion device is low, and the power consumption of plant is also lower than that of other combustion methods. However, it is difficult for garbage combustion with calorific value lower than 5000kJ/kg and high moisture content.